Between Ambition and Stalemate: Lessons from the Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation Process in Mali (2015-2024)

The experience of the Peace and Reconciliation Agreement (APR) shows that sustainable peace requires broad public support, meaningful citizen participation, national ownership, and strong mechanisms for implementation and monitoring. Future peace processes in the Sahel should learn from the APR’s shortcomings by integrating security, governance, development, justice, reconciliation, and citizen participation while reducing dependence on fragmented international mediation and external funding.